Understanding the NEET Crisis: A Glimpse into Vietnam and Global Trends
The term “NEET” refers to young individuals who are Not in Employment, Education, or Training, a demographic that has been rapidly growing worldwide. In Vietnam alone, approximately 1.4 million youths fall into this category. This troubling figure is part of a larger trend, with the International Labour Organization (ILO) predicting that by 2025, about 260 million young people globally will be classified as NEET, a staggering increase that calls for urgent attention.
The Challenges Facing Youth in Vietnam
Vietnamese youth are grappling with significant barriers in the job market. Issues such as inadequate career guidance and limited exposure to vocational training pathways have left many unprepared to enter the workforce. The ILO has emphasized the necessity for earlier career guidance and the establishment of clearer routes for education and vocational training. By strengthening ties between academic institutions and businesses, Vietnam can align its training programs with the demands of the labor market, providing clearer avenues for youth to find employment.
The Global Perspective on Youth Unemployment
Globally, the ILO’s Employment and Social Trends report for 2026 projects that youth unemployment will rise to 12.4%, particularly alarming in low-income countries where the rate could reach nearly 28%. This disparity highlights the challenges faced by young individuals in various economic contexts, showcasing a need for tailored solutions that address specific regional issues.
Economic Growth vs. Worker Poverty
Despite optimistic forecasts for employment growth—0.5% in upper-middle-income countries and 3.1% in low-income countries—the reality is much bleaker for many workers around the world. Gilbert F. Houngbo, ILO director-general, noted that even with positive growth figures, hundreds of millions of workers remain trapped in extreme poverty, earning less than $3 a day. The prevalence of informal employment continues to rise, with an expected 2.1 billion workers engaged in such roles by 2026, many of whom lack job stability and social security benefits.
The Crisis of Young Workers and Artificial Intelligence
The rapidly changing landscape of work influenced by artificial intelligence (AI) presents unique challenges for young workers, particularly those highly educated in developed nations. The advent of AI in various sectors complicates the job market, potentially leaving considerably skilled young individuals struggling to find suitable employment opportunities. This underscores the importance of adapting educational programs to include skills relevant to the future job market.
The Paradox of Global Labor Markets
Interestingly, the ILO points out a paradox in labor market dynamics. While developed economies face challenges related to population aging and stagnant labor growth, low-income nations are wrestling with rapid population growth and the pressing need to convert that growth into productive employment. This divide indicates a need for policies that can facilitate job creation in economies that are struggling to leverage their demographic advantages while also addressing the structural issues faced by richer nations.
Navigating Policy Challenges
Policy uncertainty regarding global trade and supply chain disruptions adds another layer of complexity to the employment landscape. Countries in Europe and Asia, including Vietnam, are experiencing pressurized wages as they navigate these challenges. Despite these hurdles, trade remains vital, supporting the livelihoods of approximately 465 million workers, primarily in the Asia-Pacific region.
Prioritizing Youth and Women’s Employment
Moving forward, the ILO urges governments and businesses to focus on expanding job opportunities specifically tailored for women and young people. Strategic investments in skills, education, infrastructure, and technology are essential to boost labor productivity. Addressing potential risks associated with public debt, developments in AI, and the uncertainties surrounding global trade are also critical factors policymakers need to consider.
Through a concerted effort that combines education with practical job training and strong partnerships between businesses and schools, there is potential for significant progress in reducing the NEET rate and enhancing job opportunities for the younger generation both in Vietnam and globally.